South-west Burkina Faso shares with south Mali a regional scale aquifer which is a part of the West Africa's large sedimentary basin of Taoudeni. This aquifer represents about 40,000 km² inside Burkina Faso with à maximum depth of 2,000 m so that it provides a significant part of the country needs for domestic purposes and irrigation. The region is characterised by semi-arid climate and more specifically a notable decrease in pluviometry observed in the last 40 years. Demographic explosion added to the climate context lead to highly increased needs of water for human consumption and economic development. In view of this concern, the groundwater management has become a priority not only for the Burkina Faso authorities, but also for the international community. A hydrogeological multi-disciplinary approach (stratigraphy, hydrodynamic field-data, geochemistry and isotopic techniques) combined with geological and hydrogeological modeling was implemented to improve the knowledge of the aquifer system and the efficiency of its management.