This report presents a conceptual framework that can be used by stakeholders concerned by the development and management of shared freshwater resources. The objective is to promote the sustainable and equitable use of transboundary water resources, and to clarify trade-offs relating to development. The report outlines a concept for analysing potential benefits in a transboundary river basin to optimise economic growth, political stability and regional integration. The conceptual framework is intended to be used by basin State Governments, Regional Economic Communities, and financing entities.